|
Prenovljeno vaško jedro na Ponikvi, prvi del / Renovated village core in Ponikva, firts part prof. dr. Fedja Košir Pri dobri arhitekturni rešitvi gre prva pohvala naročniku, ki se zaveda, da mora biti še tako neznatna naloga opravljena z največjo odgovornostjo, pa zato izbere za načrtovalca človeka, ki zna kakršnokoli reč izoblikovati vrhunsko, s čimer si seveda zasluži z enako mero odtehtano pohvalo. Na Ponikvi so se doslej dogajale intervencije s čisto utilitarnim predznakom. Danes so na dnevnem redu v kontekstu razvoja podeželja izboljšave komunalne infrastrukture, ki so dobile na treh ključnih lokacijah razen utilitarnosti še nedvomno simbolno razsežnost. Ta tri vozlišča so (1) vstopna točka, koder se stavbno tkivo zgosti, (2) tradicionalno srce vasi, kjer je najstarejša zidana arhitektura cerkev ter (3) izstopna točka, ki ima transcendentalno intoniranost: tu zapuščamo ta dom in ta svet. (1) Najprej je treba pohvaliti premestitev spomenika padlim borcem. Zdaj je postavljen neprimerljivo bolje. Če je prej sredi vasi učinkoval kot okoren, z neveščo roko umeščen vrivek, je zdaj, postavljen ob šolsko pot in zlit z novo uvito steno ter vpet v igro kontrastov svetlega in temnega, trdo oglatega in mehko vzvalovanega, prvovrsten primer likovne bravure. (2) Na Ponikvi je tretji trg na Slovenskem, poimenovan po blaženem škofu Slomšku. Glede na to, kakšno arhitekturno oblačilo dobiva, prav gotovo ne bo med njimi zadnji ne po pomenu ne po podobi. Arhitekt dobi nalogo, da s svojo intervencijo zaznamuje mesto spomina. Avtor, ki tako nalogo obvlada do tančin, more in zmore biti le akademik Marko Mušič. Tu imamo lep primer oblikovalske metode, ki kombinira refleks univerzalnih stavbarskih izročil s tistim, kar najde najboljšega v geniju kraja. Brez velikih arhitekturnih vzorov ne nastane nič, kar bi bilo resnično pomembno. Dobro zadeto vzdušje kraja daje kompoziciji nezamenljivo svojski značaj. Arhitektu sta enako pomembni obe pobudi. Baročna cerkev, ki jo je nekdaj obdajalo starosvetsko pokopališče, je refugij: pribežališče v obeh pomenih, v duhovnem in materialnem pogledu. Nagovor cerkvenega pročelja je nedvoumno sakralen. Toda v jedru naselja je bil nekoč jasno opredeljen tudi drugi pol. Orehovo drevo sredi vasi, ob stičišču poti, zaznamuje kraj zbiranja kot osišče vsega civilnega. Napetost med tema točkama je ključni motiv arhitektove rešitve. Udejanjajo jo trije arhitekturni elementi: stopnišče, ki premaguje denivelacijo terena, tlaki, kamor so vrisane konture taborske utrdbe, in nazadnje paviljon, ki je postavljen v vakuum med obstoječa objekta kot zaslon, da zaustavi pogled natančno tam, kjer je treba. Paviljon je (...) praviloma pritličen objekt, postavljen največkrat v aristokratski park, brez utilitarne vsebine, tako da pomeni v prostoru predvsem »znak«. Tradicionalni znak v naših krajih je znamenje na križišču. Martinovo cerkev uvrščamo v barok, njena notranja oprema, ki je mlajša, pa ima več potez, ki so značilne za njegovo izzvenevanje: za rokoko z emblematičnim dekorativnim motivom rocaille.(...)Tu se rocaille seli iz cerkve v eksterier, v lomljene linije stopnišča, v vzvalovano konturo in svojsko konstrukcijo paviljona, ki je skrajno nevsakdanji, pravi pravcati arhitekturni »capriccio«. Na eni strani rabi kot svojevrstno zavetje, z druge strani je vanj vključen naslednik legendarnega oreha ter spominski plošči znamenitima Ponkovčanoma, Blažu Kocenu in Antonu Martinu Slomšku. (3) Tretja intervencija je uvita pot, ki se spušča od cerkve na temenu griča do dna doline, kjer je pokopališče. Serpentine niso samo inženirska rešitev, so tudi eminenten arhitekturni element, izoblikovan z izjemno občutljivostjo. V terenu leže nenasilno, brez bolečih rezov, brez dodatkov ali odvzemov: kar imamo, v tem primeru povedano metaforično, za atribut popolne umetnine. V stavbarstvu ni ne malih ne velikih nalog. V rokah pravega arhitekta so vse enako pomembne. Vsaka rešitev more biti unikatna, zunaj serije. Unikatnost ni blokada, temveč prednost. Ponikva postaja destinacija prijateljev in poznavalcev PRAVE arhitekture. In good architectural solution first the praise for the investor must be given who is aware that even so insignificant task must be carried out by utmost responsibility, and therefore chooses an architect who knows how to formulate it superbly, which, of course, returns the same degree of weighed praise for the architect. Interventions with clearly utilitarian significance were carried out in Ponikva in the past. On the agenda today in the context of rural development are municipal infrastructure improvements, which are anticipated in three key locations and give an undoubtedly symbolic dimension. These three are (1) entry point, where the building tissue condenses, (2) the traditional heart of the village, where the oldest architecture is the church, and (3) the exit point with transcendental underlay: here we leave this home and this world. (1) First of all, relocation of the monument for the fallen soldiers is to be commended. It is now positioned incomparably better. If the earlier position in the village center made it stiff, with inarticulate hand placed foreign memorial, it is now placed at school path and fused with the new oval wrapped wall and clamped in a game of contrasts of light and dark, hard and soft undulating elongated, a prime example of artistic bravura. (2) The third Slovene square named after the Blessed Bishop Slomšek is in Ponikva. Depending on the architectural garment that it is getting, it certainly will not be the last of them, not by the meaning and not in by the image. The architect is assigned to create an intervention to mark the memory. The author who masters the task completely can only be academic Marko Mušič. Here we have a fine example of the design method, which combines the reflection of vernacular building tradition with the best of the genius of the location. Without major architectural ideals nothing really important is created. Well captured atmosphere of the location gives the composition distinctively peculiar character. Architect is equally inclined to both initiatives. Baroque church which was surrounded by the old cemetery is a refuge: refuge in both senses, in the spiritual and material one. Adress to the church facade is clearly sacred. But there was once clearly defined a second pole at the heart of the village. The walnut tree in the middle of the village, at the routes junction, marks the place of gathering. Tension between these two points is a key of the architect's design solution. It is manifested by three architectural elements: a staircase which overcomes terrain differences, pavements with contours of the fort, and finally pavilion, which is placed in a vacuum between the existing buildings as a screen that stops the view exactly where it should be stopped. The pavilion (...) is a single storey building usually erected in the aristocratic park with no utilitarian content, so that it symbolizes especially a "sign". The traditional sign of our country is a sign at the intersection. St. Martin's Church belongs to the Baroque, its furnishings, which is younger and has more features that are characteristic of the rococo with its decorative motif of rocaille. (...) Here rocaille moves from the exterior of the church, into the broken lines of the staircase, into an undulated contour and the peculiar construction of the pavilion, which is extremely unusual, a true architectural "capriccio". On one hand it serves as a sort of a shelter, on the other hand, it incorporates the successor to the legendary walnut tree and plaques given to the famous natives Blaž Kocen and Anton Martin Slomšek. (3) The third intervention is a wrapped path that descends from the church on the crest of the hill to the bottom of the valley, where the cemetery is placed. Serpentines are not just engineering solutions but an eminent architectural element formed by the unprecedented sensitivity. They lay in the ground non-violently, without painful cuts, without additions or removals: we have, in this case, metaphorically speaking, the attribute of a wholesome artwork. In architecture there are no small nor big tasks. In the hands of a true architect all are equally important. Every solution must be unique, outside the series. Uniqueness does not restrain, but liberates. Ponikva is becoming a destination for friends and connoisseurs of the TRUE architecture. |